Password hashing protects stored credentials by converting a password into a fixed-length, irreversible value, so a database breach does not directly expose plaintext passwords. A salt, a unique random value added to each password before hashing, prevents attackers from using precomputed rainbow tables and ensures identical passwords produce different hashes.
OWASP recommends slow, memory-hard functions like Argon2id, bcrypt, or scrypt, tuned so each hash is expensive to compute. Fast hashes such as MD5 and SHA-1 are unsuitable for passwords because they let attackers test billions of guesses per second.
هذا البرنامج أو برنامج حساب الوقت يقدر صعوبة التخمين، وليس قوة أي عملية تجزئة من جانب الخادم.